Electric Charge
The electric charge is the physical property of the substance which causes it to experience the force when it is placed in the electromagnetic field. Electric charges are of two types; Positive Charge and Negative Charge. The force acting between two types of charges is repulsive and it is attractive between two opposite charges. An object with the absence of pure charge is referred to as neutral. The initial knowledge of the contact of charged substances is now called classical electrodynamics and is still accurate for those problems which do not need to consider quantum effects.
Electric charge is a Conserved property; The net charge of a separate system, the amount of negative charge can not reduce the amount of negative charge. Electric charge is done by subatomic particles. In normal matter, the negative charge is done by the electrons, and the positive charge is done by protons in the nucleus of the atoms. If there is more electron than a proton in a piece of matter, then its negative charge, if it is less then it will have a positive charge, and if it is in the same number then it will be neutral. Proton has charge of + e, and electrons have charge of -e.
An electric charge has an electric field, and if the charge is moving then it also produces a magnetic field. The combination of electric and magnetic fields is called electromagnetic field, and its interaction with the charges is the source of electromagnetic force, which is one of the four fundamental forces in physics. The study of mediated photons between charged particles is called quantum electrodynamics.
The SI derived unit of electric charge is Coulomb (C) in the name of French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. In electrical engineering, it is also common to use Ampere-hour (Ah); In physics and chemistry, it is common to use primary charge. Chemistry also uses Faraday as a charge of electrons on a single mole. The symbol Q often shows the charge.
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